Born England, 1940. Trained as painter at evening art course while still at school.

At 19 yrs worked on assembly line at Vauxhall plant, Luton. His work influenced the type of materials used in his art: chrome and metal. Aim to produce art in assembly -line fashion. Produced and engineered products which were shiny & glamourous. In early 60's used everyday materials in his art, eg. Zips. His input as an artist was conceptual. Others created his work under his guidance, ie, in "assembly-line" fashion. Started using chrome in 1964. In tribute to his favourite artist he produced chrome-plated bronze of Van Gough's Chair (1966) and bronze Sunflowers (1969).